Hello All,
This is my attempt to gather all important terms and concepts in Instructional Design in one single location with no reference to external links. This could be a quick reference for freshers in Instructional Design. Please help me make this list comprehensive. Any other suggestions to make this page better are welcome. Please use the Comments section for the purpose.
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ADDIE – This indicates the development process of a training program – Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation
- Analysis- In this phase, you gather requirements for the training program. You try to understand why learners need the training program and how it will benefit them.
- Design – In this phase, you brainstorm and come up with the course objective, learning objective, course outline, course flow, instructional strategies and assessments.
- Development – In this phase, you create the storyboard and the training program is made ready to be delivered to the learners.
- Implementation – In this phase, the training program is delivered to the learners.
- Evaluation – In this phase, a survey is conducted to find out how useful the training program was to the learners.
Needs Analysis – This indicates gathering requirements for the training program.
Gap Analysis – This indicates analyzing the current skill or knowledge level, figuring out the ideal skill or knowledge level and justifying how the training program can fill the gap.
Learning gap – The learning gap is found by analyzing the learners’ current skills or knowledge and identifying the skills or knowledge they will need to do well in their jobs.
Target Audience – This indicates learners who will be taking the training program.
Audience Analysis- This indicates finding out details about the learners so that you can design a training program that they will find interesting ans useful.
Task Analysis – This is applicable for training programs that give practical guidelines or teach tasks that learners can apply or do in real life. Task analysis indicates analyzing all the skills/tasks that the learners need to gain or learn to do their job well.
Instructional Strategy – This means the approach or method you follow to teach a subject. In the e-learning context, it indicates media elements such as audio, video, animations etc that you will use to attract the learner’s attention to the course and how you will help the learner learn by doing.
Macro Strategy – This indicates the overall course design in the e-learning context. Macro strategy includes designing the course Interface, navigation buttons, main menu buttons such as Home, Help etc and deciding on the course introduction. Macro strategy also includes deciding on how to teach the subject ( scenarios, examples, images, flow charts).
Micro Strategy – This indicates slide by slide design in the e-learning context.
Interaction Model – This indicates designing short activities where the learner will learn by doing. In the e-learning context, the learner will interact with the computer through simple mouse actions such as clicking, double-clicking or dragging and dropping. This applies to e-learning.
Assessment – This indicates a short interactive test to check how well the learner has understood the subject.
What’s In It for Me – This indicates the importance of communicating to learners why they need to take the training program and how they will be benefitted by the training program.
Course Overview – This is a broad overview of what the training program will teach or cover.
Course Outline – This is the table of contents of the training program. This is the logical sequence of all the topics to be covered in the training program.
Course Objectives – This is a statement that declares what the learners will learn at the end of the training program. Course objective is given to the learners at the beginning of a training program.
Learning Objectives – These are statements that declare what the learners will learn in the training program. Learning objectives are given to the learner at the beginning of each module/lesson in a training program.
Instructional Objectives – Instructional Objectives are same as Learning Objectives
Storyboard – This is a prototype or rough model of the proposed training program.
Production Notes – In a storyboard, you write short notes to the graphic designer or programmer to communicate your design ideas. This applies to e-learning.
Voice Over – This indicates the audio that is used in e-learning.
Really useful, Rupa. A very cool quick reference page. I am adding my two cents worth.
I was thinking of the following:
Cognitive strategies
Cognitive aids
Learning aids
Will add as and when I think of more.
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You could start a wiki for this. Will make it easier for others to contribute. Sorting by name might help in searching for terms.
Top of the mind terms:
ARCS
Blooms Taxonomy
Terminal objectives
Enabling objectives
ISD
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This post was mentioned on Twitter by ruparajgo: Please help me complete this Instructional Design Terminology List @ http://blog.thewritersgateway.com/id-terminology-database/…
Great list, Rupa. I think it is a really vast topic. When you say ID terminologies, it can include several aspects such as types of instructional strategies, instructional theories, terms that you may come across when you speak to peers or clients, and so on. Adding my thoughts:
1. Instructional interactivity
2. Cognitive overload
3. Design Document
4. Learning environment
5. Bloom’s levels
6. Gain attention
7. Feedback
9. Learner motivation
10. Transfer of learning
11. Pedagogy
12. Experiential learning
13. Show and tell
14. Simulation
15. Game-based learning
16. Learning styles
Happy New Year!
Archana
@ Manish – I was thinking of wiki. Will do it soon.
@ Archana – Thanks for the list
The list is really growing. I am looking forward to it…:)
Awesome idea!
Here are some more terms that can be added:
Behaviorism –
Cognitivism
Constructivism
Asymmetric Learning
Cross-functional
Types of evaluations
Themes (in context of course, elements in elearning etc)
Structural Learning
Media Strategy
Programming Strategy
Testing Strategy (this is to list down the tests/evaluation to be done while the course is in development)
Storytelling
Training Needs Analysis
Performance Gap Analysis
Risk Analysis
Stockholders
Learning Curve
Job-aid
Task Analysis (here skills, knowledge and contextual knowledge can be explained)
Competency Mapping
Audience Analysis
Cause and Effect
Visualization
Version Control
Hi Rupa, this is really a fantastic start up for all. Giving you few terms in assessment types-
1. Procedural assessment
2. Diagnostic assessment
3. Formative assessment
4. Summative assessment
5. Cumulative assessment
A good effort!
There are many similarly useful terms e.g.
ADDIE
Virtual Class
Forums
Chat rooms
Digital Library
Metadata
Content packaging
Content Aggregation Model (CAM)
Run-Time Environment (RTE)
ARCS model
This is a great way to begin, I believe. Kudos to Rupa for starting this thread and to all who have contributed to the list!!
How about starting with some basic definitions? When we “Google” instructional design, we are bombarded with millions of links and blogs and we are overwhelmed. Some of us even after many years of experience would not be able to distinguish between a “Theory” and a “Model”. I have seen many IDs using these terms interchangeably.
We could use a wiki page (or a blog) for this and differentiate between confusing terms:
1. Goals, Objectives, and Competencies
2. Terminal Objectives, Performance Objectives, Behavioral Objectives, Enabling Objectives, and Learning Objectives
3. Theory and model
4. ID principles, ID methodologies, and ID strategies
5. Evaluation and Assessment
6. Curriculum Design and Training Design
7. Roles: Content Writer, Instructional Designer, Instructional Developer, Curriculum Developer
8. WBT, CBT, e-learning, distance learning, and online learning
Also, would it be a good idea to sort the words according to the phases of development? I’m sure all of us follow ADDIE or some variations of that. We could also group the theories that fall under each phase and build a table as a ready reckoner. We could even sort the words that can be categorized as process-related, theory-related, best practices, and so on…
Some of the words that come to my mind that may not have been listed in this thread are:
1. Connectivism (that is fast catching up among us!)
2. Informal learning
3. Information Mapping
4. Performance Support
5. Performance Support Systems
6. Types of simulations: Show Me, Let Me, Try Me, Test Me
7. LMS
8. SCORM
9. Modular Training
10. M-Learning (Mobile Learning)
11. Media elements
12. Interactivities
13. ID Review
14. Workbook
15. Revised Bloom’s Taxonomy
16. Types of interactivities (can be used to explain content or assessment): Mouse Over, Mouse Click, Tabbed, Drag and Drop, Fill in the blanks, Drop-down selection, and crossword puzzle.
Great list here. Thank you all.
@ Archana Arun – Thank you for your thoughts. I am going to sort all terms here soon